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Number of pages: 1
Reference number: 1656/3/8/89
Catalogue ID: 105704
Subject: PolishDeath marchesUkrainian
Summary:

Dr. Rosenblatt was a Jewish prisoner of war (Polish Army) in Germany where Jews were kept apart from the rest of the prisoners under inferior conditions. After his release, Dr. Rosenblatt followed his parents who had escaped to a small ghetto in Poland. In 1942 all small ghettoes in Poland were dissolved and the Jews transferred to one big one. Out of 30,000 Jews, 27,000 were exterminated in Auschwitz. Some 600 Jews who had been living in hiding were rounded up in the Synagogue and shot by Germans and Ukrainians (p.3-4).

In 1943 the women were sent to Ravensbrück, the men to Buchenwald (p.6). After some time a new selection took place this time to a camp in Saxonia. At the beginning of 1945 new deportations took place to Theresienstadt. The inmates there shared their rations with the new arrivals whose physical conditions were most pitiful. After the liberation by the Russians, Dr. Rosenblatt was most impressed by the relief work of Jews, Russians and UNRRA allotted to the youth in the first place.

Number of pages: 10
Reference number: 1656/3/8/479
Catalogue ID: 105823
Subject: CatholicsTerezin (ghetto)Children
Summary:

The informant and her husband, formerly resident in Vienna, were Czechoslovakian citizens who, after the Anschluss, were for a time protected by the Czechoslovakian Embassy in Vienna. In September 1938, however, they were forced to seek refuge in Slovakia. Conditions there, according to the informant, were bearable, though gradually worsening. The Jewish communities were sometimes able, by means of bribery, to save young people from deportation to labour camps in Poland. Tiszo, the Head of the Slovakian government, was responsible for relieving the lot of the Jews in many instances. The Catholic Church hid Jewish children and tried to protect them by nominal conversion.

In September 1944 persecution by the Germans became more severe; the informant and her husband lived “underground” for a time, but in October they were arrested and brought to camp Sered in Slovakia, where terrible conditions obtained. Many prisoners were shot in the presence of fellow-prisoners. The brutal and corrupt methods of the camp commandant, Brunner, are described in detail. From Sered the informant was transferred to Theresienstadt. Pages 4 - 8 contain a description of life in Theresienstadt; they provide no novel information.

Number of pages: 43
Reference number: 1656/3/8/554
Catalogue ID: 105853
Subject: DeportationsHealthConcentration camps
Summary:

A personal report in the form of a story, but containing facts and actual experiences only, nothing but the names being altered.

In December 1941, the author, her husband and his father were deported to Theresienstadt (p.6-33). Later they were joined by her mother. For three years, nobody suspected the fate of the people deported from there (p.9). The first two executions of 7 resp. 9 men (p.10); 36,000 found in the streets starved to death during the first year (p.2). The transports arriving from Germany under the illusion of coming to a health-resort (p.2); marriages allowed; death-warrant for a baby; Kleine Festung (p.12). Dogs (p.12). 1,000 women sent to do compulsory work in a wood for 8 weeks (p.13). Epidemics and statistics (p.14). Hard work all through the years. Deportation and shooting of the Judenälteste and his family (p.15). Improving of conditions in the hospital (p.17). Punishments for smoking (p.17). Better conditions of life for the Danes protected by their King (p.18, 28-29). The Jewish leaders of the camp enjoyed a much better life than the rest, but were not sure of their lives for a moment (p.19). With a convoy of six SS men, a group of Jews were sent to Lidice to bury the dead (p.20). From September 1944, ten transports of 5,000 (p.21-24) were sent to Poland. “Volkszählung” of 40,000 kept on their feet for 16 hours (p.22). The deportation of the author's mother (p.23). When the Judenälteste refused to choose the people for the last transport, he was shot on the spot, and the Germans did the job themselves with the instruction “R.U.” for all who knew too much as the doctors, etc. International commission: 1 French, 1 Swiss, 1 Swedish, 1 Danish (p.24-25).

The author, her husband and his father helped to secretly carry off and hide in the ground a copy of all lists and index cards, one night, after order had been given to deliver them all to the Germans. In six hours of hard labour they saved the dates of 68,000 people (p.25).

Plan of sending the whole population of Theresienstadt to the newly built gas-chambers, on 5 May 1945 (p.25-26). The arrival of the horrible transports to Theresienstadt from the extermination camps (p.26-28); epidemics following (p.35). The return to Prague with husband and father-in-law.

From the second year after the war, the Jews in Czechoslovakia realised the atmosphere not to be favourable and turned more and more to emigration. After a stay of about three years, the author and her family went to England (p.39-40).

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