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The first part of this report surveys briefly the status of the Jewish community in the Free State of Danzig, and the gradual Nazification of the Free State up to its incorporation in the Reich in 1939. Concerning the fate of the Danzig Jews during the war, the following main events are mentioned:
The author of this report on the model organisation and the plight of the Jewish community of Gleiwitz survived, since he lived in a privileged mixed marriage and had two step-sons in the German military service. Statement of religious and social institutions, outstanding personalities, economic situation etc. in 1933. Genfer Abkommen reintroduced in the beginning of 1934, ended on 31 December 1937; both times immediate consequences (p.3-4). The Community received the ashes of two workmen who were deported for being late and of a merchant who had offered a watch at a time when selling watches was not allowed (p.3-4). Organisation of instruction and help, in order to foster emigration. Lectures on learned topics, Dr. Ochs etc. (p.4-5). Setting fire to the synagogue on 9 November 1938 (p.4). Deportation to Buchenwald (p.5-6) From 1940, forced labour at Gleiwitz (p.6, 8-9). Three concentration camps at Gleiwitz. From May 1942, deportations to Auschwitz (p.7); Gestapo man Linz; “Altersheim”. Many details about mixed marriages (p.7-9). Yellow Star. Escape of two young Jews from Auschwitz (p.9-10). Thousands of prisoners driven from Auschwitz to Blechhammer, many killed on the road (p.10). The Russians at Gleiwitz, later Polish occupation (p.10).
A report on Richard Broh's experiences from 1933 - 1937 in Berlin. Mr Broh, a journalist, former editor of the Vorwaerts, up to 1935 Member of the “Pressekammer” and the “Reichsverband der Presse”. A Social Democrat and Jew, he served during the First World War and was decorated with the Verwundetenabzeichen (“Kriegsbeschaedigt” in 1917) and the “Frontkaempferkreuz” and later belonged to the Reichsbund Juedischer Frontsoldaten. Apart from the fact that Mr Broh gradually lost his career and memberships, nothing special happened to him personally. He went to England, served with the British Army during the war and was for two years a lecturer at Prisoner of War Camps. Now he is a Liaison Officer between the British and German Labour Party (Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund).
A. Rajbenbach was living as a tailor and shopkeeper at Bitterfeld in 1933, when he was told by an S.A. man that he had no right to walk on the pavement. He disputed this and was called up to the police on the next day. Asked to sign a declaration that he had stated he was proud not to be German (he had no nationality) he refused to do so. He was taken by the Gestapo to Halle, stayed there in solitary confinement for three weeks and was then transferred to the K.Z. Lichtenburg near Torgau. Here he became soon the leader of 75 (non-Jewish) tailors. During the six months of his stay, the author did not learn about any ill-treatment as the commander of the camp did not tolerate anything of the kind. A baptised Jew, Menasche from Berlin, attacked the author and was punished for it.
The author moved to Leipzig after his release and left for England in 1939.
A personal report by the actor Gerard Heinz, born in Hamburg in January 1904, now living in London, working with BBC, theatre and film under the name of Gerard Heinz. He is an Aryan, but was prosecuted because of his political work against the Nazis. He describes unbelievable atrocities in Berlin detention camps of SA, Gestapo, etc. Horrible fate of his fellow-sufferer, the actor Hans Otto and Erich Muehsam's death, Oranienburg.
After his release, in 1934, the author took up illegal work again but emigrated soon afterwards via Prague to Russia, from where he was expelled in 1938.
Dr. Kalischer, who had practised since before August 1914 experienced his first professional difficulties in 1936. In the same year his partner, Kauffmann (non-Jewish), was found out having helped Jews to smuggle property out of Germany. Kauffmann was sentenced to 8 years imprisonment. Kalischer was kept in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp for 1 year, then resumed his practice in 1938.
Afterwards he gave legal advice in his flat; Nazi Party officials, German soldiers, and SS officers were amongst his clients; they came to his flat, their uniforms hidden under a cloak.
In 1942 he withdrew to Schwarzbach, a small place in the mountains, near Leipzig. The local inhabitants, including the mayor, knew that he was Jewish, but nobody denounced him. He stayed until the end of the war. When the Russians came they made him mayor.
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